Which Grade 11 and 12 courses are required for University of Toronto admission

Quick Answer: To be admitted to the University of Toronto, students must present an Ontario Secondary School Diploma (OSSD) with six Grade 12 U/M courses, including English (ENG4U). Specific university programs dictate additional prerequisites, such as Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U) for Business and Computer Science, or Chemistry (SCH4U) and Physics (SPH4U) for Engineering.

Introduction to University Admissions

Navigating the transition from high school to higher education requires meticulous academic planning and a clear understanding of university prerequisites.

The University of Toronto consistently ranks among the most prestigious educational institutions in the world. As a result, the university attracts an enormous volume of applications, routinely receiving over 115,000 undergraduate applications for a limited number of spaces.

This high level of competition means that excellent grades alone do not guarantee acceptance. Applicants must ensure they follow the exact prerequisite pathways mandated by their desired faculties.

Understanding exactly which Grade 11 and 12 courses are required for admission to the University of Toronto is the most critical component of the application process.

A single missing prerequisite course can disqualify an otherwise perfect application. Therefore, students must begin planning their high school course selections well before their final year.

Furthermore, modern digital education has revolutionized the way students meet these academic requirements. Students across the globe now have the opportunity to study OSSD online internationally.

This flexibility allows candidates to obtain the exact Canadian high school credits required by the University of Toronto, regardless of their geographic location.

This comprehensive guide details the specific course requirements for every major program at the University of Toronto. It also explores how students can leverage accredited platforms like Canadian Virtual School to build a competitive academic portfolio.

Understanding the Ontario Secondary School Diploma (OSSD)

Before examining specific university prerequisites, it is vital to understand the foundational framework of the Ontario Secondary School Diploma (OSSD).

The OSSD is the official high school graduation credential in the province of Ontario. The University of Toronto bases its entire domestic admission structure on this specific curriculum.

Earning the OSSD requires a student to complete 30 high school credits. These credits are divided into 18 compulsory courses and 12 optional elective courses.

Compulsory courses ensure that students receive a well-rounded education covering mathematics, sciences, languages, and social studies. Optional credits allow students to tailor their education toward their future university goals.

Additional Graduation Requirements

In addition to accumulating 30 academic credits, students must fulfill two other critical graduation requirements.

First, students must pass the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Requirement. Most students fulfill this by passing the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test (OSSLT) in Grade 10.

Second, students must complete a minimum of 40 hours of community involvement activities. This requirement encourages civic engagement and helps students build valuable extracurricular experiences.

The Role of Online Education in Earning the OSSD

In recent years, the Ministry of Education has integrated online learning into the standard OSSD requirements. Students in Ontario are now expected to complete at least two online learning credits to graduate.

This shift highlights the growing acceptance and importance of digital literacy in modern education. It also opens the door for students outside the province to access the curriculum.

Through accredited institutions like Canadian Virtual School, students can earn an Ontario high school diploma online. This provides a seamless pathway for international applicants who wish to bypass complex visa processes while securing a globally recognized credential.

The Concept of the “Top Six” Admission Average

When evaluating applicants, the University of Toronto does not look at a student’s entire high school transcript equally. Instead, the admissions committee calculates an admission average based on a specific set of courses.

This calculation is universally known as the “Top Six” average.

The Top Six average is calculated from a student’s six highest Grade 12 courses at the University (U) or University/Mixed (M) level. Courses at the College (C) or Open (O) level are not factored into university admission averages.

Mandatory Inclusions in the Top Six

The Top Six is not simply a random collection of a student’s best grades. The calculation is highly structured and must include specific prerequisite courses.

First and foremost, Grade 12 English (ENG4U) is mandatory for every program at the University of Toronto. Even if a student applies for a heavily mathematics-based program, the ENG4U grade will be factored into the final average.

Second, any specific Grade 12 courses required by the chosen university program must be included in the Top Six calculation.

For example, if an applicant applies to an Engineering program, the university requires Calculus (MCV4U), Advanced Functions (MHF4U), Chemistry (SCH4U), and Physics (SPH4U).

In this scenario, five of the six slots in the Top Six average are automatically filled by these mandatory prerequisites. The student has only one remaining slot for their next-highest Grade 12 U/M elective.

Which Grade 11 and 12 courses are required for University of Toronto admission

To truly understand which Grade 11 and 12 courses are required for University of Toronto admission, one must analyze the requirements faculty by faculty.

The University of Toronto operates across three distinct campuses: the St. George campus in downtown Toronto, the Mississauga campus (UTM), and the Scarborough campus (UTSC).

Each campus hosts various faculties, and each faculty maintains its own strict prerequisite guidelines.

Faculty of Arts and Science (St. George Campus)

The Faculty of Arts and Science is the largest academic division at the University of Toronto. It organizes its undergraduate programs into six broad categories for admission.

Students apply to an admission category rather than a specific major. At the end of their first year, students then declare their specific program of study based on their first-year grades.

1. Computer Science

Computer Science is arguably the most competitive admission category at the University of Toronto. The program demands exceptional mathematical proficiency and logical reasoning skills.

The required Grade 12 courses for this category are English (ENG4U) and Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U).

Because Grade 12 courses require prior knowledge, students must complete specific Grade 11 courses to be eligible. The mandatory Grade 11 foundational courses are English (ENG3U) and Functions (MCR3U).

Without MCR3U in Grade 11, a student cannot take Advanced Functions (MHF4U) in Grade 12. Without MHF4U, a student cannot enroll in Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U). This prerequisite chain highlights the importance of early academic planning.

Admission Category	Required Grade 12 Courses	Required Grade 11 Courses
Computer Science	ENG4U, MCV4U	ENG3U, MCR3U

2. Rotman Commerce

Rotman Commerce is a globally recognized undergraduate business program. It combines rigorous academic theory with practical business applications.

Admission to Rotman Commerce requires outstanding academic performance, particularly in mathematics and communication.

The required Grade 12 courses are English (ENG4U) and Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U). The required Grade 11 foundational courses are English (ENG3U) and Functions (MCR3U).

The admissions committee explicitly states that special attention is given to the MCV4U grade because calculus underpins advanced economic and financial modelling.

Admission Category	Required Grade 12 Courses	Required Grade 11 Courses
Rotman Commerce	ENG4U, MCV4U	ENG3U, MCR3U

3. Life Sciences

The Life Sciences admission category serves as the gateway for students interested in biology, neuroscience, psychology, and pre-medical studies.

The officially required Grade 12 courses are English (ENG4U) and Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U).

However, the university strongly recommends that students also complete Grade 12 Biology (SBI4U) and Grade 12 Chemistry (SCH4U). Almost all first-year life science courses require these subjects as prerequisites.

Consequently, the necessary Grade 11 foundational courses include English (ENG3U), Functions (MCR3U), Biology (SBI3U), and Chemistry (SCH3U).

Admission Category	Required Grade 12 Courses	Recommended Grade 12 Courses	Required Grade 11 Courses
Life Sciences	ENG4U, MCV4U	SBI4U, SCH4U	ENG3U, MCR3U, SBI3U, SCH3U

4. Mathematical and Physical Sciences

This category encompasses programs such as astronomy, chemistry, earth sciences, mathematics, and physics.

The officially required Grade 12 courses are English (ENG4U) and Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U).

Similar to the Life Sciences category, students must select additional Grade 12 science courses based on their intended major. A student intending to major in physics must take Grade 12 Physics (SPH4U). A chemistry major must take Grade 12 Chemistry (SCH4U).

The corresponding Grade 11 foundational courses naturally include English (ENG3U), Functions (MCR3U), Physics (SPH3U), and Chemistry (SCH3U).

Admission Category	Required Grade 12 Courses	Recommended Grade 12 Courses	Required Grade 11 Courses
Math & Physical Sciences	ENG4U, MCV4U	SPH4U, SCH4U	ENG3U, MCR3U, SPH3U, SCH3U

5. Humanities

The Humanities admission category includes programs in history, philosophy, languages, literature, and classics.

This category has the most flexible admission requirements within the Faculty of Arts and Science. The only required Grade 12 course is English (ENG4U).

Therefore, the only strictly required Grade 11 foundational course is English (ENG3U). Students have the freedom to fill their remaining Top Six slots with any Grade 12 U/M elective courses.

Admission Category	Required Grade 12 Courses	Required Grade 11 Courses
Humanities	ENG4U	ENG3U

6. Social Sciences

The Social Sciences category covers disciplines such as political science, sociology, anthropology, and economics.

The base requirement for the Social Sciences category is Grade 12 English (ENG4U).

However, applicants must be cautious. Students who intend to pursue an economics major within the Social Sciences category are heavily advised to complete Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U). First-year economics courses involve intense mathematical analysis.

Admission Category	Required Grade 12 Courses	Recommended Grade 12 Courses	Required Grade 11 Courses
Social Sciences	ENG4U	MCV4U (for Economics)	ENG3U, MCR3U (if taking math)

Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering

The Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering maintains the most rigorous prerequisite structure at the University of Toronto.

Engineering is a highly structured, cohort-based discipline. Students must enter their first year with a comprehensive understanding of advanced mathematics, chemical processes, and physical laws.

All engineering programs share the same prerequisite requirements. This includes the Core 8 disciplines (such as Civil, Mechanical, and Electrical Engineering), the undeclared Track One program, and the elite Engineering Science program.

Applicants must present five specific Grade 12 U/M courses. These are English (ENG4U), Advanced Functions (MHF4U), Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U), Chemistry (SCH4U), and Physics (SPH4U).

Because five out of the Top Six courses are mandated, engineering applicants only have one elective course to influence their overall admission average.

The Grade 11 foundational pipeline for engineering is incredibly strict. Students must complete English (ENG3U), Functions (MCR3U), Chemistry (SCH3U), and Physics (SPH3U) in Grade 11.

Failure to complete even one of these Grade 11 courses will prevent enrollment in the corresponding Grade 12 prerequisite, thereby disqualifying the student from the engineering admissions process entirely.

Faculty	Required Grade 12 Courses	Required Grade 11 Courses
Engineering	ENG4U, MHF4U, MCV4U, SCH4U, SPH4U	ENG3U, MCR3U, SCH3U, SPH3U

University of Toronto Mississauga (UTM)

The University of Toronto Mississauga offers a vibrant campus environment with several unique undergraduate programs. While UTM adheres to the general OSSD framework, specific programs have distinct course requirements.

Forensic Science

UTM is internationally renowned for its Forensic Science program. This program combines rigorous scientific training with legal and investigative methodologies.

Admission to the Forensic Science category requires a robust science background. The required Grade 12 courses include English (ENG4U), Advanced Functions (MHF4U), Biology (SBI4U), and Chemistry (SCH4U).

Additionally, the faculty recommends that applicants complete Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U) and Physics (SPH4U) to prepare for first-year scientific analysis.

The required Grade 11 foundational courses are English (ENG3U), Functions (MCR3U), Biology (SBI3U), and Chemistry (SCH3U).

Program (UTM)	Required Grade 12 Courses	Recommended Grade 12 Courses
Forensic Science	ENG4U, MHF4U, SBI4U, SCH4U	MCV4U, SPH4U

University of Toronto Scarborough (UTSC)

The University of Toronto Scarborough is famous for its extensive co-operative education programs. Co-op programs allow students to integrate alternating paid work terms into their academic studies.

Management and International Business (Co-op)

The Management and International Business program is a flagship offering at UTSC. It prepares students for the global corporate environment through international work placements and intensive business training.

The required Grade 12 courses for this program are English (ENG4U), Advanced Functions (MHF4U), and Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U).

The necessary Grade 11 foundational courses are English (ENG3U) and Functions (MCR3U).

Because this is a highly competitive co-op program, the admissions committee looks for exceptional grades in the mathematical prerequisites to ensure students can handle the demanding financial curriculum.

Program (UTSC)	Required Grade 12 Courses	Required Grade 11 Courses
Management (Co-op)	ENG4U, MHF4U, MCV4U	ENG3U, MCR3U

Specialized Direct-Entry Faculties

The University of Toronto also houses several specialized professional faculties that admit undergraduate students directly from high school. These faculties blend traditional academic requirements with portfolio or performance assessments.

John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design

The Daniels Faculty offers innovative programs in Architectural Studies and Visual Studies. These programs merge artistic creativity with structural design and urban planning.

The academic requirement for the Daniels Faculty is relatively straightforward. The only strictly required Grade 12 course is English (ENG4U).

The corresponding Grade 11 requirement is English (ENG3U).

However, admission is heavily based on a comprehensive supplementary application, which evaluates a student’s creative thinking and spatial reasoning skills.

Faculty	Required Grade 12 Courses	Additional Requirements
Architecture	ENG4U	“One Idea” Supplementary Application

Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education

This faculty focuses on human movement, exercise science, and health promotion. It is an excellent pathway for students interested in sports medicine, physical therapy, or athletic performance.

Applicants must present Grade 12 English (ENG4U), one Grade 12 mathematics course (either MHF4U or MCV4U), and one Grade 12 science course (either SBI4U, SCH4U, or SPH4U).

Furthermore, the faculty strongly recommends that students complete Grade 12 Introductory Kinesiology (PSK4U) or Exercise Science (PSE4U) if their high school offers it.

Faculty	Required Grade 12 Courses	Recommended Grade 12 Courses
Kinesiology	ENG4U, 1 Math, 1 Science	PSK4U

Faculty of Music

The Faculty of Music requires exceptional dedication to the performing arts. Academic grades are only one component of the admissions profile.

The sole academic prerequisite is Grade 12 English (ENG4U).

The primary weight of the admission decision rests on a live audition, an interview, and a demonstration of music-theory proficiency equivalent to the Royal Conservatory of Music (RCM) Level 8.

Second-Entry Professional Programs

High school students must recognize that not all University of Toronto programs accept applications directly from secondary school. Some professions require prior university experience.

Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing

The Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BScN) is a highly sought-after degree at the University of Toronto. However, it operates strictly as a second-entry program.

High school students cannot apply directly to the nursing program. Applicants must first complete at least two years of study (10.0 full credits) at a recognized university.

During these initial university years, students must complete specific prerequisite courses in human physiology and social sciences before applying to the Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing.

The Strategic Importance of Grade 11 Courses

Many high school students mistakenly believe that universities only care about final Grade 12 marks. In reality, Grade 11 courses play a massive role in the University of Toronto admissions process.

Understanding which Grade 11 and 12 courses are required for admission to the University of Toronto helps students build a stable foundation for their final high school year.

The Prerequisite Pipeline

As outlined in the faculty breakdowns, Grade 12 courses cannot be taken in isolation. They belong to a sequential academic pipeline.

A student cannot register for Grade 12 Chemistry (SCH4U) without having successfully passed Grade 11 Chemistry (SCH3U).

If a student decides in Grade 12 to apply to Engineering but dropped physics in Grade 11, they will be unable to meet the university deadlines. They would have to take Grade 11 Physics and Grade 12 Physics back-to-back, which often disrupts the graduation timeline.

Proper course selection in Grade 11 keeps all desired university pathways open.

Early Admission Offers

The University of Toronto utilizes a rolling admissions process. The university begins extending conditional offers of admission in the late winter and early spring.

During these early admission rounds, most students have not yet completed their Grade 12 courses. Final Grade 12 marks are usually not available until late June.

To evaluate applicants early, the admissions committee projects future performance by looking directly at Grade 11 marks.

If a program requires Grade 12 Calculus, and the student’s calculus mark is not yet available, the university will assess the student’s Grade 11 Functions (MCR3U) mark instead.

Therefore, students who achieve exceptional grades in their Grade 11 prerequisite courses have a significantly higher chance of receiving an early, stress-free admission offer.

Maximizing the Top Six Admission Average with Electives

For most programs at the University of Toronto, the mandatory prerequisites do not consume all six slots in the Top Six admission average.

This presents a strategic opportunity. Students can carefully select their remaining Grade 12 U/M elective courses to artificially boost their overall average.

For example, an applicant to the Rotman Commerce program must include ENG4U and MCV4U in their average. This leaves four open slots.

Instead of taking highly rigorous and mathematically demanding science courses, the student might choose electives that align with their personal strengths and interests.

Popular elective choices designed to showcase varied skill sets while potentially yielding high marks include:

• Business Leadership (BOH4M): Teaches management theory and organizational psychology.
• Families in Canada (HHS4U): Explores sociological perspectives on family dynamics.
• World Issues (CGW4U): Examines global geographic, economic, and political challenges.
• International Business (BBB4M): Introduces global trade practices and economic trends.

By balancing heavy prerequisites with engaging, manageable electives, applicants can maximize their Top Six average and present a highly competitive profile to the admissions committee.

Demystifying Supplementary Applications

Knowing exactly which Grade 11 and 12 courses are required for admission to the University of Toronto handles the academic side of the application. However, for elite programs, high grades are considered the bare minimum.

To differentiate between thousands of students with 90%+ averages, the University of Toronto utilizes rigorous supplementary applications. These applications assess communication skills, leadership potential, resilience, and critical thinking.

The Engineering Online Student Profile (OSP)

Every applicant to the Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering must complete the Online Student Profile (OSP).

The OSP requires students to outline their academic history, detail their extracurricular involvement, and complete a Personal Profile assessment.

The Personal Profile is the most daunting component for many students. It involves three randomly generated questions. Typically, one question requires a timed written response, while the other two require timed video responses.

The admissions committee uses these video responses to evaluate how well a student can formulate a coherent argument, solve problems on the spot, and communicate professionally under pressure.

The Rotman Commerce Timed Assessment

Rotman Commerce seeks future business leaders who possess excellent interpersonal skills and a strong sense of community.

Unlike traditional business schools that ask for pre-written essays, Rotman requires applicants to complete a live, timed assessment.

After submitting the initial application, students receive a secure link. They must record video responses and write short essays in real-time. The prompts frequently focus on themes like conflict resolution, teamwork, time management, and overcoming unexpected obstacles.

Applicants are encouraged to prepare specific anecdotes from their extracurricular activities, part-time jobs, or volunteer experiences to use as examples during this assessment.

The Computer Science Supplementary Application

The Computer Science supplementary application typically consists of several short-answer written prompts, usually capped at around 250 words each.

The questions are designed to evaluate personal growth and adaptability. The faculty wants to admit students who can thrive in collaborative coding environments.

Prompts often ask students to describe a time they worked with someone who held differing values, or to explain a significant barrier they successfully overcame.

Institutional Policies on Repeated Courses

A critical factor that applicants must understand is the University of Toronto’s strict policy regarding repeated high school courses.

Many students mistakenly believe they can retake a prerequisite course to achieve a higher grade and boost their Top Six average.

While the university acknowledges that extenuating circumstances sometimes necessitate repeating a course, the admissions committee explicitly reserves the right to give preference to students whose marks result from a single attempt.

For highly competitive admission categories such as Engineering, Computer Science, and Rotman Commerce, repeated courses are closely scrutinized. In some instances, a repeated course grade may not be accepted at all for competitive evaluation.

Therefore, students must prioritize mastering the material on their first attempt. Enrolling in high-quality educational platforms that offer comprehensive teacher support is a much safer strategy than planning to retake a difficult subject later.

Embracing Online Education and Accredited Virtual Schools

The modern educational landscape provides students with unprecedented flexibility. The University of Toronto fully recognizes and accepts OSSD credits earned through accredited online private high schools.

An online high school in Canada for international students operates under the strict inspection guidelines of the Ontario Ministry of Education. This ensures that the curriculum meets the same rigorous standards as a traditional brick-and-mortar day school.

Institutions like Canadian Virtual School provide a vital service for university applicants. They offer asynchronous learning, meaning students can enroll at any time and progress through the coursework at their own pace.

This flexibility is incredibly valuable for a student who needs a specific prerequisite—such as Calculus or Physics—but cannot fit the class into their traditional day school timetable.

Instead of abandoning their university goals, the student can take the required course online, earn an official OSSD credit, and seamlessly apply to the University of Toronto.

Global Pathways for International Students

One of the most profound shifts in global education is the ability for international students to earn an Ontario high school diploma online without ever leaving their home country.

Historically, international students seeking a premium Canadian university education had to apply for study permits, arrange international travel, and relocate to Canada for their secondary schooling.

Today, ambitious students can study OSSD online internationally.

By enrolling in an accredited virtual school, international students gain access to the same Ontario curriculum as domestic students. They can complete the 30 required credits, fulfill the community involvement hours, and write the literacy test remotely.

When these students apply to the University of Toronto, they submit an official OSSD transcript showing the exact Grade 12 U/M prerequisite courses the university requires.

This process for earning an OSSD from abroad places international students on an equal academic footing with local Ontario applicants. It simplifies the university admissions process entirely, as the university does not need to convert foreign educational credentials or assess international grading scales.

Navigating English Language Proficiency Requirements

Domestic students whose first language is not English, as well as international applicants, must pay close attention to the University of Toronto’s English language proficiency requirements.

Presenting Grade 12 English (ENG4U) is mandatory for all applicants. However, passing ENG4U does not automatically satisfy the university’s English facility requirement.

The university demands a high level of English fluency to ensure students can comprehend complex academic lectures and write extensive research papers.

Language Exemption Criteria

The university provides specific exemption criteria for language testing.

The most common exemption applies to students who have completed four or more years of full-time academic study in an English-language school system. This school system must be located in a country where English is the dominant language.

If an applicant meets this four-year requirement, they do not need to submit standardized language test scores.

Accepted Standardized English Tests

If a student does not qualify for an exemption, they must arrange to take an approved standardized English language test and have the testing agency send the results directly to the university.

The University of Toronto accepts several major testing formats, each with strict minimum score requirements.

• IELTS (Academic): Applicants must achieve a minimum overall band score of 6.5. Additionally, no single component band (reading, writing, listening, speaking) can fall below 6.0.
• TOEFL (iBT): For tests taken after January 2026, the university requires an overall score of 4.5, with specific subscore minimums in speaking and writing.
• Duolingo English Test: Applicants must achieve a minimum overall score of 120, with a score of 120 required in the production subscore.

Students must complete these tests well in advance of the university document deadlines to avoid application cancellation.

Understanding Application Deadlines and Timelines

Academic preparation means nothing if an applicant misses a critical deadline. The University of Toronto operates on a strict annual application cycle.

All prospective undergraduate students apply through the Ontario Universities’ Application Centre (OUAC).

The Early Consideration Phase

The university highly encourages students to apply early. The recommended early application deadline usually falls around November 7 of the student’s Grade 12 year.

Applying by this date allows the admissions committee to review the student’s profile during the very first round of offers. To support an early application, students should ensure that all required supplementary documents and transcripts are submitted by early December.

The Final Application Deadlines

If a student misses the early consideration window, they can still apply during the regular cycle.

For the most competitive programs—including Rotman Commerce, Computer Science, and Engineering—the absolute final deadline to submit an application is typically in mid-January.

Final supporting documents, including supplementary application video responses and updated midterm grades, are usually due by early February.

The Offer Timeline

The University of Toronto releases admission decisions in multiple rounds.

The first round of early conditional offers is generally released in February or March. These offers rely heavily on strong Grade 11 prerequisite marks.

Subsequent rounds occur in April and late May, as the university receives updated Grade 12 midterm and final marks from high schools and online educational platforms.

Students who utilize flexible online learning environments must carefully pace their studies. They need to ensure their midterm grades are finalized and submitted to OUAC before these critical evaluation windows close.

Summary of Strategic Academic Planning

Securing a spot at the University of Toronto is a multi-year project. It requires students to understand exactly which Grade 11 and 12 courses are required for admission to the University of Toronto long before they apply.

By mapping out prerequisites in Grade 10, students ensure they enroll in the necessary Grade 11 foundational courses. By achieving high marks in Grade 11, students position themselves for early conditional offers.

By carefully balancing demanding Grade 12 prerequisites with interesting elective courses, students can maximize their Top Six admission average.

And finally, by taking advantage of accredited virtual high schools, students around the world can secure the exact OSSD credits they need to succeed.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

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